
| Shelley History - The People | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| There were many people involved in
the production of Shelley and Wileman china and
earthenware. We are always interested to hear from anyone who worked at the factory. If you have any knowledge of the potteries please get in touch with us. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Listed below are some of the people involved with the Factory and its Products | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The Shelley Family | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Randle Shelley - (1706 - 1781) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The first recorded potter bearing the Shelley name, there is no information about the style/type of wares he produced. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Michael Shelley - (1744 - 1788) Thomas Shelley - (1746 - 1798) |
} Sons of Randle Shelley - (1706 - 1781) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The Brothers bought some land at Lane End (this area later became Longton). They set up two separate businesses which were successful and developed a thriving trade producing plates and dishes. Josiah Wedgewood of Etruria was known to be a customer. When Michael died in 1788, his business was sold, but after two years, Thomas bought it back and ran both businesses. Both businesses thrived and Thomas became an important figure in Lane End, he was a churchwarden, trustee of rebuilding the church and was also a member of the Committee of Commerce for the Potteries. He owned a large farm nearby. On his death in 1798, the works were sold. Some of this pottery works is now part of the Gladstone Museum site in Longton |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| John Shelley - (b1778) | } Son of Michael Shelley - (1744 - 1788) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| It is considered that in 1799, John made a small mould depicting a master potter with his apprentice turning the wheel. It is thought to represent William Turner of the famous Turner factory at Lane End. The earthenware mould is now in the Spode Museum, an enamelled plaque signed by John Shelley is in the Stoke on Trent City Museum | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thomas Shelley (1776–1804) | } | Son of Thomas Shelley - (1746 - 1798) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thomas became a potter at Lane Delph (later became part of Fenton). There is not much known about Thomas as he died at the age of 28. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| William Shelley (1786-1841) | } | Son of Thomas Shelley (1746-1798) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| There is no information relating to his early years or to the type of work that he undertook. However in 1812 he is known to have returned to the area and carried on his father’s business working at the factory. The factory went under the name Shelley, Pye & Company, although this did not last too long as he left the factory in 1821. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thomas Bolton Shelley (1802)-(1840) } Son of Thomas Shelley (1776-1804) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thomas Bolton was orphaned at the age of two and was brought up by his Uncle William (mentioned above). He continued the family tradition and worked in the pottery industry. In 1835 he married Eliza Ball and in 1836 Eliza gave birth to a son whom they named Joseph Ball Shelley. It was Joseph Ball Shelley who eventually went into partnership with James Wileman that led onto the company that became the renowned SHELLEY POTTERIES. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Joseph Ball Shelley (1836-1896) } Son of Thomas Bolton Shelley | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
![]() |
Joseph Ball Shelley was orphaned at the age of four and by the age of fifteen he had become an attorney’s clerk. His step-father, Samuel Hartshorne, was working in partnership with the pottery firm Ferneyhough & Adams, Dresden Works, Stafford Street, Longton. By 1858 the works had passed into the hands of Shelley and Hartshorne. This partnership only lasted until 1861, to be succeeded by a partnership between Joseph Ball Shelley, James Adams and Harvey Adams. The company traded under the name of Shelley & Adams. This partnership only lasted a year and in 1862 Joseph Ball Shelley’s connection with the pottery was terminated.
In 1862 he joined Henry Wileman at the Foley China Works as a traveler. In 1864 Henry Wileman died (see section covering the Wileman family) and his two sons James F and Charles J Wileman took over running the business. In 1872, Joseph became a partner with James Wileman in the china works only. The name of the works changed from Foley China Works to Wileman & Co. The influence of the Shelley family in the business was strengthened when Joseph’s son Percy joined the company in 1881. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Father and son then started to build a reputation for themselves of being a company who produced good quality ware. In June1896 Joseph Ball Shelley died. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Percy Shelley (1860-1937) | } | Son of Joseph Ball Shelley | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
![]() |
Percy was born in Longton. He received a boarding school education and he then went on to attend Owen’s College, Manchester and then onto London University, where he gained a B.A. degree. In 1881 Percy joined his father, Joseph, at Wileman & Co. Percy had not received any formal training in pottery, but became known first and foremost as a potter and went on to develop the lasting reputation of Shelley China. Wanting to improve the ware that the company were producing and get a better understanding of the export market especially America, Percy went to the U.S.A. and visited the 1893 Chicago Exhibition. In June 1896, Percy’s father, Joseph, died and at the age of thirty six Percy took over control of the business. To improve the ware he brought in artists and designers who he felt could (and did) change the company. The two best known were Rowland Morris and Frederick Rhead (see section on Designers, Artists and modellers). Percy married in 1890 and his son Percy Norman was born in 1893 and a year later twin boys, Vincent Bob and Kenneth Jack were born. Two of his sons Norman and Bob joined their father in the business just before the start of the 1st W.W. Norman and Bob returned safely from the war and were joined at the factory by Bob’s brother Jack who had completed his university course. Each son was to take charge of an area of the company and build on the growing reputation that their father had started. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The company continued to flourish and during the Art Deco period was one of the best companies producing the best bone china possible. In 1932 Percy retired to Bournemouth and died in 1937. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Norman, Vincent & Kenneth Shelley | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alan & Donald Shelley | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The Wileman Family | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Henry Wileman (c1798 - 1864) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The life of Henry Wileman does not appear to be well documented, but after considerable research, mainly by Helene Elder and Glyn Green, we now know a few facts. Henry Wileman was born in c.1798 and died at the age of 66 on the 19th of August 1864. He founded the pottery works at Church Gresley, some 35 miles south-east of Fenton, in the early 1800's. In 1853 he joined John King Knight, the then sole proprietor of The Foley Potteries in Fenton, as a partner in the business. Knight retired in 1856 and Henry became sole proprietor, trading under his own name. However he retained his interest in the Church Gresley pottery until his death in 1864. In 1860 he built The Foley China Works alongside his existing Foley Potteries. He married Ann Ludford and together they had seven children between 1822 and 1837. Two of these children were Charles John b.1832 and James Frederick b.1834, who took over the business when their father died in 1864. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| James (1832 - )& Charles Wileman (1834 - ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Designers, Modellers & Artists | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rowland Morris (d1898) | Designer and modeller | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rowland Morris was the first known designer to be employed by Percy Shelley, although it is not certain whether he was wholly employed or worked freelance. He had been a pupil of the famous French sculptor, M. Hughes Protat, who was the modeling master at the Stoke and Hanley Schools of Art. Morris then gained a place at the National Art Training School in South Kensington. In1870 he undertook some important work for the Wedgwood Institute, Burslem, where he modeled terracotta panels depicting the months of the year and a series of panels illustrating the process of potting. These are on the facade of the building and can still be seen today. After this he returned to various pottery firms designing china. An exact date when Morris started to work for Wileman is unknown, but in March 1896 one of his designs was entered into the design registry. The registered number 272101 was for the ‘Dainty’ shape which was to have a major impact for the company as this became the most popular design that the company was to produce. Morris was assisted by M. Maxime Avoine, another French modeller working in the U.K. pottery industry, in the task of creating the original moulds for the Dainty White range which was considered to amount to approximately 100 pieces. At first it was available only in plain white but as its popularity grew, decoration was applied to the ware and it was also used for commemorative celebrations. The Dainty shape was still being produced when the factory was taken over in 1966 so it was in production for 70 years. The Dainty shape proved to be very popular in the USA after the 2nd World War. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Frederick Alfred Rhead (1856-1933) } Art Director | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
![]() |
Frederick Alfred Rhead was born in Newcastle-under-Lyme in 1856. He was the eldest of eleven children born to Fanny & George Woolliscroft Rhead. The Rhead family had been connected with the pottery industry since the eighteenth century. At the age of thirteen Frederick joined Minton’s as an apprentice painter and also attended evening classes at the Newcastle School of Art. In 1870 Frederick was assigned to the French ceramist and sculptor Louis Solon. Solon was considered to be the leading authority on the decorative technique of pate-sur-pate. Frederick worked for Solon until December 1877, by which time he had thoroughly mastered the pate-sur-pate technique which he used later in his career.
Frederick married Adolphine Hurten, who was the daughter of C.F. Hurten from Cologne. Hurten was a superb naturalistic flower painter. In 1869 Hurten was persuaded to join W.T. Copeland after his work had been exhibited at the 1867 Paris Universal Exhibition and had been seen by Alderman Copeland, the head of the firm. Frederick and Adolphine had six children. Four of his children, Frederick Hurten, Harry, Charlotte and Adolphine all worked in the pottery industry. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In 1878 Frederick along with his brother Louis joined Wedgwood’s. On leaving Wedgwood’s he joined the firm of James Gildea as Arts director. He then moved onto E.J.D. Bodley, again as Arts Director. Around 1894 Frederick moved to Brownfield’s as Arts Director. During his time at Brownfield’s, his two sons Frederick Hurten and Harry joined him when they left school and served their apprenticeship working under the guidance of their father.
In 1896 Frederick joined Wileman & Co as Arts Director, both his sons moved with him. Within a short period of time he introduced several different earthenware ranges. Some included designs which he had learnt during his apprenticeship. The most popular range was Intarsio, others are Urbato, Pastello Spano-Lustra, Primitif and Faience. Another range that he designed was a style of ornaments which were known as ‘grotesques’. These were small pieces that were deliberately designed to look ugly and were mainly based on fantastic or mythical animals. He also started to improve the china range by introducing high quality enamelling to patterns on tea-ware. As Arts Director he would also have been involved in the introduction of the Dainty range that had just been designed by Rowland Morris. Around the turn of the century was a busy period for Frederick Snr. As well as carrying out his work as Arts Director, he took on a new process for the company. Frederick was approached by Harry Barnard, who had introduced tube-lining to the Potteries in 1895 when he set up an art pottery department for Macintyre’s of Burslem. Harry Barnard had previously worked for Doulton’s at Lambeth. Barnard only stayed for a short time at Macintyre’s before he moved to Wedgwood taking with him the tube-lining process. When Wedgwood’s decided to stop producing this range, Harry Barnard asked Frederick if he would take on the girls that he had trained to tube-line. So Wileman & Co took on the girls and started to produce a tube-lining range of ware. Four of Frederick’s children, Frederick Hurten, Harry, Charlotte (Lottie) and Adolphine (Dollie) were then taught how to tube-line, each of them used it later on in their careers, with Charlotte becoming best known for producing tube-lined ware. Frederick Snr. had a fascination with the Dutch people and after joining Wileman & Co, spent time in Holland sketching his subjects. On his return he turned his sketches into designs that were produced on ware, Wileman’s produced a nursery ware series depicting various Dutch children scenes with a rhyme. A Faience and two Intarsio vases and a teapot with a Dutch children scene are known to have been produced. Frederick Snr. must have allowed his son Frederick Hurten to use some of his Dutch designs as he produced ware with Dutch scenes, when he was the Arts Director at Wardle & Co. Later on Charlotte also used one of her father’s Dutch designs to produce a tube-lined tile showing a Dutch girl with a hoop. In 1900 a large exhibition was held at Earls Court in London which ran from May until November. Wileman’s had taken a stand, mainly to sell the popular Intarsio range. Frederick’s wife Adolphine agreed to look after the stand during the week along with their daughter Charlotte and they both stayed close by at a relatives house in Kilburn. Frederick visited the exhibition at weekends to ensure that there was enough stock to meet the substantial sales that were taking place during the week. Frederick Alfred Rhead was only at Wileman’s until 1905 as Arts Director. But in those nine years he changed both the china and earthenware by improving the quality of the ware and introducing new ranges. This in turn started to build the reputation that the company became known for by producing top quality ware and designs that were wanted by the buying public. The reputation of the company was such that they were producing art ware for Liberty’s of Regent Street, London. After leaving Wileman, Frederick continued to work within the pottery industry. In1929 he started working for Cauldon Potteries as Arts Director. At this time Cauldon Potteries owned Royal Crown Derby, Royal Worcester and Ridgways (Bedford Works). It was at Ridgways where Frederick had his office. Whilst working for Cauldon’s he was taken seriously ill and died in 1933. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Frederick Hurten Rhead (1880-1942) } Son of Frederick Alfred Rhead | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Frederick Hurten Rhead was born in Hanley in 1880. He was the eldest of six children to Frederick Alfred & Adolphine Rhead. After leaving school he served his apprenticeship at Brownfields working under his father, who was Arts Director at this time. Brownfields were known to produce a wide range of ware, which was considered to be of excellent quality. Whilst serving his apprenticeship he attended evening classes at the Wedgwood Institute, Burslem, and at the Government Art Schools in Stoke-on-Trent, Fenton and Longton. When his father left Brownfields for Wileman, Frederick Hurten moved with him.
Just before the turn of the century Frederick Snr. introduced tube-lining at Wileman. Frederick Hurten and Harry learnt this technique and became very proficient at tube-lining. They then taught their sisters Charlotte (who later was renowned for her tube-lining designs) and Dollie. Frederick Hurten also introduced the tube-lining technique at Wardle’s. In 1898, Frederick became the Arts Director for Wardle & Co who were based at Hanley. This position was considered to have been on a part-time basis as he was still working for his father at Wileman’s. Frederick Snr. must have had a watching brief over his son at Wardle’s, as ware with similar designs to Wileman’s were being produced by Wardle’s. In the summer of 1902, Frederick Hurten resigned as Arts Director at Wardle’s and took up the post of Arts Director at Avon Pottery in Tiltonville Ohio. The reason for his sudden departure could be that Frederick had married a paintress from the shop floor. The marriage had been treated with dismay by his family, although the odd circumstances surrounding the marriage suggest that somehow Frederick had either been tricked or forced into it. He continued to work in the U.S.A. moving around and doing various jobs within the industry. In November 1942, Frederick Hurten died of cancer whilst living in New York City. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Harry Rhead (1882-1950) } Son of Frederick Alfred Rhead | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Harry Rhead was born in Burslem in 1882. After leaving school he served his apprenticeship with his brother at Brownfields, working under his father, who was Arts Director at this time. Brownfields were known to produce a wide range of ware, which was considered to be of excellent quality. Whilst serving his apprenticeship he attended evening classes at the Wedgwood Institute, Burslem, and at the Government Art Schools in Stoke-on-Trent, Fenton and Longton. When his father left Brownfields for Wileman, Harry moved with him. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Just before the turn of the century Frederick Snr. introduced tube-lining at Wileman. Harry and his brother Frederick learnt this technique and became very proficient at it. Whilst working at Wileman & Co, Harry decorated a globe shaped vase depicting a panel of children, which carries his signature H Rhead. As this vase is in a collection it is known that these signed pieces exist. When his brother Frederick Hurten left Wardle & Co to take up a post in the U.S.A. Harry took over as Arts Director, again it seems that his father Frederick Snr. had a watching brief over the ware that was produced as, during this period, Wardle’s had started to manufacture many different tube-lined designs, some even carried Harry’s signature. So thanks to their father, Frederick Alfred, the company was now producing good quality tube-lined art ware. As a result the company was supplying the Regent Street store of Liberty’s, although none of the ware carried the company’s backstamp. |
![]() |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In 1908 Harry moved to the U.S.A. and became Arts Director at Roseville Pottery in Zanesville, Ohio, a post which his brother Frederick Hurten had just left. In 1917 he left Roseville Pottery and worked at other companies. In 1923 he helped to establish the Standard Tile Company, this company was successful until the recession hit and it eventually closed down during the 2nd World War.
After the company closed down it seems that Harry retired and moved to Florida where he died in 1950. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Walter Slater } Art Director | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
![]() |
In 1905 Walter Slater succeeded Frederick Rhead as Art Director. It is not known why Frederick Rhead left but this was a time of economic downturn and the company needed to return to commercially risk free wares. Walter Slater came from a distinguished family in the industry. He had previously worked at the Minton and Doulton factories and thus his background was as impressive as that of Frederick Rhead. Initially Walter Slater did not have as much freedom to experiment as his predecessor but had a freer rein after 1911. Besides continuing the popular production wares, such as toilet sets, children's ware, jelly moulds, souvenir and heraldic ware, he also designed a new second series of Intarsio which was produced from 1911 to 1913. The second series patterns reflected Persian influences. He also oversaw the development of fine tableware with the "Oleander" shape being introduced in 1913. In 1922, a new range of Lustre-decorated ware of high quality was introduced most of which he signed. The range included floating flower bowls, spill vases, ginger jars and clocks. Walter Slater retired in 1937. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Eric Walter Slater } Art Director | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
![]() |
In 1919, Walter Slater was joined by his son Eric whom he steered to become his successor. The 1920's and 1930's marked a high point for the company referred to as "The Glamorous Years". |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Veronica Ball } Designer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Veronica Ball, a young female apprentice designer of note emerged in the late 1930's. Shelley introduced a new back stamp "Designed by Veronica". Her designs were accepted for the 1946 "Britain Can Make It" exhibition. Veronica shared the design studio with Art Director Eric Slater, but after her marriage she was required to sit with the paintresses mending lithographed ware and painting parchment lampshades. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ray Reynolds } Decorating Manager | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
![]() |
Ray Reynolds, the last Decorating Manager at Shelley Potteries was born in King Street, Fenton in 1924, some 500 yards from the Shelley factory. Ray obtained a scholarship to the Burslem School of Art during the Gordon Forsyth era. In 1940 he started his career at Royal Doulton training under Eric Webster, later moving to Crown Staffordshire. Ray joined Shelley Potteries in 1949, initially as Assistant Decorating Manager and then as Decorating Manager. He was one of two senior managers at the company when it was taken over in 1966. Ray continued to work at the old Shelley factory until 1973. Management in those days was very much "hands on", everything to do with the decorating department, including firing, was dealt with by the manager. Ray observes how the company went out of its way to respond to "matching" requests, and how he personally maintained the consistency of "pink trousseau" for the Edward | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Walker Company of New York. Ray comments that the Shelley family showed loyalty to their workers and that often several members of the same family worked for the company. Ray's boyhood neighbour | ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Irene Birks, said "she looked forward to work every day". Irene worked for Shelley all her life, visiting stores around the country demonstrating pottery painting. Along with John Evans, an apprentice designer of note, she demonstrated pottery painting at The Festival of Britain in 1951. Ray recalls employees more vividly than customers, but remembers that the Duke and Duchess of Windsor were customers, as was the Earl of Shrewsbury. Ray is a much esteemed Honorary President of The Shelley Group and still retains his skills and enthusiasm for Shelley pottery, decorating some special, unique pieces for the group. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||